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HENRICUS HOSTIENSIS (DE SEGUSIO), Summa super titulis decretalium [Summa aurea or Summa Hostiensis] In Latin, decorated manuscript on parchment
Italy, Bologna?, c. 1300-1325 |
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These surviving leaves come from what must have been quite a grand and refined manuscript, containing a copy of the very popular and well-respected Summa Hostiensis, the standard text for the study of canon law in the later Middle Ages. The present leaves include many special paleographic and codicological details, the study of which reveals some of the procedures of manuscript-making and using, including guide words, leaf signatures, and contemporary annotations.
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[POPE CLEMENT V] Papal Bull and Briefs confirming Pacts between Venice and Ferrara In Latin, manuscript on parchment
Italy, Venice (?), slightly after 1313 |
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With early marginal annotations, this manuscript joins together the papal bulls and briefs issued by Pope Clement V in 1313, reinstating those economic rights and privileges withdrawn during the papal crusade against Venice from 1308 to 1310. The early provenance explains its unusual makeup--an inscription indicates that it survived the fire in Venice in 1385 of the archives of a member of the “Magistrato del Cattaver,” the office that advised the Doge on financial matters and for which the text would therefore have had special import.
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Portable Breviary (Franciscan use) In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Northern Italy (Genoa), c. 1320-1360 (after 1317) |
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This Breviary follows the liturgy of the Papal Court, which was first adopted by the Franciscans in 1247. The Franciscans popularized small portable breviaries such as this one that enabled a wandering Friar to say the Office during his travels. The worn outer corners of the manuscripts and soiled margins speak eloquently of a long period of devout use. The manuscript is a fine example of this genre, with beautifully executed pen initials and skillful illumination. Both localizable and datable, it is a valuable witness to northern Italian fourteenth-century manuscript production.
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BARTHOLOMEUS DE SANCTO CONCORDIO [Bartolomeus Pisanus], Summa de casibus conscientiae In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
France, Avignon?, c. 1380-1400 |
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This is a large, neatly written copy on parchment of one of the most popular casuistic texts of the later Middle Ages, Bartholomeus de Sancto Concordio's "Little Pisan Summa," which belongs to the new generation of penitential writings that were much impregnated by canon law. Extremely popular, existing in hundreds of manuscripts, the majority of which are of Italian origin, the text is relatively rare in France, and it evidently exists in fewer than a dozen copies in North American collections. The work has surprisingly never been the subject of a modern critical edition.
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[Register of Toll Charges for Tarascon, Lo registre del peage de Tarascon] In Provençal with some Latin, decorated manuscript on parchment
Southern France, Provence (Tarascon-sur-Rhône), c. 1385-1400 |
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Earliest known copy of the toll registers for Tarascon in southern France in an original binding and written in Provençal, which in itself renders the manuscript extremely scarce. Of immeasurable importance for the history of local taxation and commerce and for philological and linguistic studies, the present manuscript - a working copy for daily use - differs, sometimes substantially, from the edited, and later, record of the text.
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PETRUS DE UBALDIS IUNIOR [PETRUS DE PERUSIO], attr. [Commentarium super Decretales Gregorii IX or Lectura super quibusdam titulis lib. II. Decretalium Gregorii IX] In Latin, manuscript on paper
Northern Italy, perhaps Perugia?, first quarter of the 15th c. |
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Unrecorded and unedited copy of a commentary on Book II of the Decretals of Gregory IX, attributed by Petrus de Perusio, most likely Petrus de Ubaldis Junior from an important Perugian family of canonists. The commentary on the successive casi taken from Book II of the Decretals is attributed to Petrus de Perusio at the foot of a significant number of columns. Further study of the relationship of the manuscript to other commentaries by the same author, as well as those by his presumed father (Petrus de Ubaldis Senior) and uncle (Baldus de Ubaldis), would help disentangle the manuscript tradition of these interrelated glosses.
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Calendar for Calculating Easter In Latin, manuscript on paper
[France (Auxerre?), c. 1400] |
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A very rare astronomical manuscript containing the tables and computational data for the calculation of Easter for the period between 1400 and 1440 based on solar and lunar cycles prior to the sixteenth-century reform of calendar calculation under Pope Gregory XII. The importance of this manuscript also lies in the fact that it contains one of the earliest known French examples of the mnemonic device known as Cisioianus.
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Miniature Prayer Book In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Germany, c. 1400-1450 |
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This tiny portable prayer book is an eloquent witness to late medieval spirituality. It includes numerous prayers promising indulgences, as well as prayers offering protection from evils, both spiritual and temporal, and two forms of devotion to the Rosary. Although speaking to an unsophisticated theology, the text and its charming illustrations are evidence of a strong devotion and feeling for the Divine presence each hour of the day. The presence of a prayer before preaching suggests that the original owner was a priest.
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Vegetius, De re militari or Epitoma rei militaris In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
Germany, ca. 1400-1440 |
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This treatise on warfare written in the late fourth century by Vegetius was widely copied in the Middle Ages and translated into French, Italian, English, German, and Spanish. From Antiquity to modern times, it enjoyed great popularity. The present fifteenth-century copy is noteworthy not only for its excellent condition, but also for the careful contemporary corrections to the text; it is besides one of the very few not studied by the modern editor, M. Reeve. Although numerous medieval copies of the text survive, only four are recorded in American libraries, and worldwide very few copies are in private collections.
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Saint Benedict, Regula sancti Benedicti and Saint Augustine, Regula sancti Augustini episcopi In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Italy, Venice(?), late 14th century with 15th century additions |
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This charming, attractively written pocket-sized manuscript contains an extremely rare pairing of texts: the two greatest foundation documents of early Western monasticism. Monks were not allowed to own personal property such as books, and this suggests that the present manuscript was perhaps written for a wealthy layperson. Yet, there is clear evidence that a Benedictine monk or abbot owned the volume in the fifteenth century.
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ALBERTUS DE SAXONIA [ALBERT VON SACHSEN], Quaestiones super Libros Posteriorum Aristotelis [Commentary on Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics] In Latin, manuscript on parchment and paper
Italy, likely Tuscany [Siena?], c. 1400-1425 |
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Unedited commentary on one of Aristotle’s works on logic, originally written in the milieu of the University of Paris by a near-contemporary of John Buridan, here penned by an unrecorded scribe, Peter of Poland, and including the contemporary ex-libris of a Cistercian monk near Siena. There is no modern critical edition, nor is there an accurate recension of the extant manuscripts. None of the recorded copies is found in North American collections. Further study of the present manuscript in the manuscript tradition would shed new light on the reception of Aristotelian logic in monastic circles outside France.
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Breviary (Use of Utrecht) In Latin, decorated manuscript on parchment
The Netherlands (Utrecht?), c. 1410-20 |
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An illuminated Breviary made for a private individual and for the use of Utrecht, this manuscript later belonged to the famed library of the Dukes of Arenberg. Its fine marginal illustration relates it to the earliest group of Utrecht illuminated codices, those illuminated in the style of the Masters of Margaret of Cleves.
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GONÇALES DE VEGA, Gonçalo [Notario de Avila] In Spanish and Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
[Spain, Avila, dated August 1415] |
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An interesting historical document, intact, in its original attractive green-dyed binding, and of relatively luxurious composition, with gold leaf illumination. Recording in extensive detail a land dispute and penned by a royal secretary, the codex has considerable linguistic interest (the language is Castilian Spanish) and legal import for the region of Avila under the reign of King Ferdinand I.
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BERNARDUS CLAREVALLENSIS, Sermones super cantica canticorum [Sermons on the Song of Songs] In Latin, decorated manuscript on parchment
The Netherlands? or Belgium?, dated 30 January 1416 |
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Interesting dated monastic manuscript of Saint Bernard’s most important work. Although existing in a large number of manuscripts and early printed editions, Bernard’s mystically evocative text is nonetheless relatively rare on the market in the last century and is found in surprisingly few North American libraries. This copy bears many codicological features that would be revealing for a further study of its production and use.
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[JOHANNES GENESIUS QUAGLIA DE PARMA], De conflictu viciorum In Latin and Italian, manuscript on paper
[Northern Italy, circa 1425-1450] |
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Rare manuscript of an uncommon text on the virtues and vices (only one other copy is known), mixing Latin prose and Italian verse, by a Franciscan author who is considered a “Christian humanist” and was much influenced by John of Wales.
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JEROME (Saint), [Vitae Patrum] Vita Pauli primi eremitae; Vita Malchi monachi captivi; Vita Hilarioni In Latin, manuscript on parchment
[Italy, c. 1425] |
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Attractively written manuscript in pocket format and with clean wide margins of Saint Jerome’s lives of Paul, Malchus, and Hilarion, writings of considerable narrative charm which exercised an enormous impact on later hagiographic literature and which continued to be widely read throughout the Middle Ages and into the Renaissance.
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PETRUS BRUNICHELLUS or DE RUPE MAURA, O.E.S.A., [Scriptural Excerpts from theLiber super historijs novi et veteris Testamenti iuxta ordinem alphabeti ordinatus] In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
Northern Italy (Veneto? Friuli?), c. 1425-1450 |
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This manuscript is composed of excerpts from a large fourteenth-century biblical commentary by a relatively little known author, who was an Augustinian friar. Organized alphabetically around themes from “abstinence” to “zeal,” the work most likely served as a tool for preachers and could even accompany the larger biblical commentary. Manuscripts of this still-unedited text are relatively rare (none in American collections) and other copies of the excerpted work are untraced.
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BERNARDINUS SENENSUS, Quadragesimale de Christiana Religione In Latin, manuscript on parchment
[Italy, Tuscany? c. 1430-1450] |
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Early manuscript of the Latin sermons of Bernardino da Siena, evidently in a working copy (end lacking), of capital importance for the evolution of the sermon. Known as “the Apostle of Italy,” Bernardino was a renowned preacher and reformer, many of whose theological and political ideas are preserved in the Quadragesimale de Christiana Religione, which was one of his most important works. Most of the 45 extant copies are in Italian libraries (De Ricci cites only two copies in North America).
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PSEUDO-JOACHIM, ANSELM OF MARISCO, et al., Vaticinia de summis pontificibus In Latin, illuminated manuscript on paper
[Italy, Tuscany, c. 1440] |
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Previously unknown copy of the mystical series of prophecies, derived from the Leo Oracles, that commingle fantasy, the occult, and history in a chronology of the popes. Executed in Florence, during the exile there of the Roman Curia, our manuscript can be specifically connected to the stormy pontificate of Pope Eugene IV through unusual textual and pictorial elements. Only four copies of this rare work are in North American collections, and the last copy to appear at auction was in 1989.
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PSEUDO-AUGUSTINUS [likely FRA AGOSTINO DA SCARPERIA], Soliloquia and [ECKBERTUS SCHONAUGIENSIS], Soliloquium seu Meditationes In Italian, manuscript on parchment and paper
[Italy, perhaps Verona, c. 1440-50] |
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Rare early manuscript of a translation in Italian of the Pseudo-Augustine Solilioquia accompanied by another Pseudo-Augustinian text on the Meditations, the latter now firmly attributed to Eckbertus Schonaugiensis and often found copied together with the Soliloquia, the two texts constituting a pair very early on. Likely transcribed in Verona at least a quarter century before the printed edition in a neat humanist hand.
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Domenico Cavalca, Excerpts from Vite dei santi padri In Italian, manuscript on paper
Italy (Tuscany?), c. 1440-1460 |
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This is an unpretentious but well-organized copy of a very popular collection of the Lives of the early desert fathers in Italian. The particular sections of the text included here deserve further study, since they were likely a unique selection chosen by the original owner (and possibly writer) of the manuscript. Although the text itself survives in numerous manuscripts, most are in Italian libraries, and it has rarely been available for sale in recent decades.
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[Miscellany], including BERNARD OF CLAIRVAUX, Prayer; HENRICUS SUSO, Centum meditationes; THOMAS À KEMPIS, De disciplina claustralium; De vera compunctione cordis In Latin, manuscript on paper
[The Netherlands, c. 1450 ?] |
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Unrecorded paper manuscript, a fragment, of two works by Thomas à Kempis from the milieu of the Devotio Moderna and including writings by other authors favored by the reform movement such as the Cistercian Bernard of Clairvaux and the Dominican mystic Henricus Suso and dating close to the autograph manuscripts of the Imitation of Christ.
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GREGORIO D’ALESSANDRIA, Confessione generale or Trattato o formola di confessione In Italian and Latin, manuscript on parchment
[Northern Italy, perhaps Ferrara or Venice, c. 1450] |
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In a beautiful original binding, this manuscript preserves a very rare work by a little-known Italian preacher, cleric, and theologian, Gregorio d’Alessandria of the Order of the Augustinian Hermits. Never printed, this penitential manual exists in only two other copies, both in Italian libraries, and there is no critical edition. Its compact format is typical of works of this genre, made for daily and private use, and its early date suggests that it may have been transcribed during or just after the author’s lifetime.
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PSEUDO-AUGUSTINUS, Soliloquium animae ad Deum; Liber de contemplatione Domini (Manuale); Liber de spiritu et anima; Confessio beati Augustini ad Deum; De bona voluntate In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Italy, Veneto (Padua or Friuli?), c. 1450-1460 |
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Magnificent illuminated humanist manuscript of the major works of Pseudo-Augustine, including the Soliloquies, the last of which "On Good Will" evidently existing in only one other manuscript. The identifiable scribe, the fine strapwork initials, the contemporary Venetian binding, and the excellent condition, coupled with the sterling provenance, contribute to the interest of the present copy.
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[Statuti della Compagnia dei Brentatori di Bologna] [Statutes regulating the Wine Trade and Transportation in Bologna] In Italian, manuscript on parchment
Italy, Bologna, after 1416, c. 1450 |
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Apparently unpublished and possibly unique copy of the Statutes and recommendations regulating the wine trade and transportion in 15th century Bologna, this handsome manuscript contributes to the history of guilds in Emilia Romagna, as well as to the history of everyday commerce, taxation, municipal supplies, and victuals. Likely based on a still-unidentified Latin source, the manuscript merits further study in comparison to the holdings in Italian archives. It offers fascinating information and interesting anecdotes on the sale and use of wine in medieval Italy.
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Vernacular Breviary (part), and Prayerbook (part) In Low German, decorated manuscript on paper
Belgium/ Germany (diocese of Liège, Lower Rhine), c. 1451-1500, and c. 1500 |
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Of distinct interest for the increasing use of vernacular in the late-medieval Church, this manuscript comprises two sections. The first is a fifteenth-century vernacular Breviary from a House of Franciscan Nuns. It is very uncommon to find a Breviary from the fifteenth-century written in the vernacular rather than Latin. The second part of the manuscript, which is slightly later, includes a series of vernacular prayers; the opening prayers to be said while visiting Churches in the area are of particular interest.
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Ferial Psalter and Breviary (use of the Franciscans?) In Latin, manuscript on paper
[Austria/Northern Italy (Trieste?), c. 1450, with additions dated 1493] |
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In its original wood boards, dated by the second scribe who added texts in 1493, and with a provenance that is relatively rare near Trieste, the present manuscript for use within a mendicant context also contains rare rubrics by Pope Boniface IX for the readings used at matins during the last months of the liturgical year.
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TWINGER VON KÖNIGSHOFEN, JAKOB, Chronik In German, manuscript on paper
Eastern France (Alsace), c. 1455 (additions, 1542-1566) |
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Called the “first German prose history of the world in Upper Germany,” this engaging work fuses the world chronicle with the local history of Strasbourg and Alsace. It was written expressly for the cultivated laity and achieved great success in the later Middle Ages. There is no modern critical edition, taking into account the c. 82 manuscripts, and the present copy combining features of all three versions of the text and original, perhaps unique, additions merits further study. Copies are exceptionally rare on the market.
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Frederick III of Hapsburg, Letters Patent for Hans Zscheggenbürlin In German, manuscript on parchment
Austria, [Wiener] Neustadt, May 28, 1456 |
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This is an excellent example of a type of document that originates in the fourteenth century and became more common in later centuries, a letters patent, granting nobility or heraldry (in this case heraldry) to an individual favored by the imperial court. Not all such documents are as skillfully illuminated as the present example. The recipient of this document was an important and colorful personage at a critical moment in the history of Basel.
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ABBA MARI BEN MOSES ASTRUC OF LUNEL, Minhat Kenaot [Jealous Offering] In Hebrew, manuscript on paper
[Northern Italy, Sermide [Mantua], signed and dated 6 Tammuz 5218 [1458]] |
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One of only five manuscripts of a collection of letters and pamphlets in the important medieval controversy over the philosophy of Maimonides, the only manuscript of the small group that is dated and bears a colophon, the latter by a scribe who may also have been a wealthy Jewish patron in Mantua. The present manuscript differs significantly from the Pressburg edition and also from two of the other four manuscripts, which present variants.
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SANCTUS CYPRIANUS CARTHAGINENSIS, Epistulae et varia opera In Latin, manuscript on parchment
[Italy, northern? c. 1460-1475] |
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Attractive unrecorded humanist copy of Cyprianus's Correspondence accompanied by at least fourteen other works, unsigned but written by an individualistic and accomplished scribe and handsomely decorated, with many variations from the editio princeps of 1471 and with marginal notes and annotations that merit further study.
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GREGORIUS MAGNUS, Dialogi [Dialogues in the Second Middle Dutch Translation] In Dutch, decorated manuscript on parchment and paper
The Netherlands, Utrecht?, c. 1460 |
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One of only five manuscripts offering a complete text of the Second Middle Dutch translation of Gregory’s Dialogi, one of the classic texts of the Middle Ages. Still unedited, this version of the Dutch translation of the Dialogi presents interesting dialectical questions, still to be elucidated, and is probably tied to the Devotio Moderna. Copied in the fifteenth century, the present copy was completed in the later sixteenth century, when it acquired its elegant Dutch roll-stamped binding.
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Portable Breviary (Augustinian Use) In Latin, manuscript on parchment
Northern France, Paris?, c. 1460-80 |
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Only fragments of this Augustinian Breviary are preserved here. Included are parts of the Psalter, Hymns, parts of the Common of Saints, and the Office of the Dead and Hours of the Virgin. Originally it probably also included a calendar, and Offices for the Year, arranged according to the Temporale and Sanctorale. The two remaining illuminated initials indicate that this was likely once an illuminated manuscript of considerable elegance.
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Breviary (use of Autun) In Latin, manuscript on parchment
Central France (Autun), c. 1460-80? |
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This utilitarian manuscript was made for the use of Autun, one of the most important pilgrimage sites and thriving trading centers in the later Middle Ages. In addition to its textual importance for the history of liturgical usage in Autun, this manuscript is perfect for teaching and studying codicology. A portion of the original binding has been preserved and the parchment is especially evocative of its animal origins, with uneven edges, holes, evidence of veins, and discoloration in the skin. Prickings guide the ruling, and notes for the rubricators and guide-initials for the pen decoration are also preserved.
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Prayerbook (Use of Utrecht or Windesheim?) In Dutch with some Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Eastern Netherlands, Arnhem?, c. 1460-1480 |
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Vernacular prayerbook that follows, in part, the Dutch translation of Geert Grote and that was most likely produced in the milieu of the Devotio Moderna, the heartland of which was in the Eastern Netherlands. The metallic borders and other features (hairy petals and tripetals) of the decoration relate the manuscript to works of an Arnhem provenance (Arnhem was the adopted home of Geert Grote).
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Dominican Breviary (Winter Portion) In Latin, decorated manuscript on parchment
The Netherlands (Haarlem?), 1465-1475 (after 1462) |
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This is an exceptionally small Breviary, with a clear, well-articulated text, complete with rubrics and liturgical directions for a Dominican House in North Holland. Small format prayer books and breviaries are not unknown in Middle Ages, but one cannot help admiring the skill that was used to make this small volume, doubtless the daily companion of a Dominican brother. Exuberant and skillful penwork borders, such as those found in this manuscript, are a hallmark of fifteenth-century Dutch manuscripts.
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Noted Breviary (Augustinian Use) In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
Northern Italy (Alessandria), 1469 |
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This attractive, small-format, paper Breviary was copied in 1469 for the use of Iustinianus or Iustinus de Bezozero, an Augustinian friar from the convent of St. Martin’s in Alessandria in northern Italy. Brother Iustinianus was probably also the manuscript’s main scribe. The unpublished readings for the Office of Nicholas of Tolentino (canonized in 1446) deserve further study, especially since they are here attributed to a certain “famous poet” Mafeo de Vechio.
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ALFONSUS VARGAS TOLETANUS, Commentary on Book I of the Sentences of Peter Lombard (Lectura in primum librum Sententiarum Petri Lombardi) In Latin, with some Bohemian, illuminated manuscript on paper and parchment
Italy, Siena, copied between end of 1469 and May 1470 |
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This is a signed, dated, and illuminated copy of Alphonsus Vargas’s commentary on Book I of the Sentences, preserved in its near-contemporary binding. Copied in an Augustinian milieu in Siena by an unknown Bohemian scribe, who adds a colophon in Czech, this manuscript contains rare indications giving the times it took the scribe to complete his copy. Still unedited, the work is important for the history of Augustinian thought and the evolution of techniques of citation. Manuscripts are quite rare: the Schoenberg Database records only three copies changing hands since 1902, the last at Sotheby’s in 1958, which is now at Yale University.
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PLUTARCH, Pompei viri illustris vita [Life of Pompey] , Latin translation by Antonius Tudertinus Pacinus [or Jacopo Angeli da Scarperia] In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
Northern Italy, Lombardy, perhaps Ferrara or Mantova?, c. 1470-80 |
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Containing Plutarch’s life of Pompey the Great, the Roman republican hero often hailed as an antagonist of tyranny, this is one of about 50 recorded Renaissance manuscripts of the Latin translation from the Greek original completed by either Antonius Tudertinus Pacinus or Jacopo Angeli da Scarperia. The present manuscript provides testimony that the lives continued to circulate independently in manuscript form, even after their assembly into one common collection.
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Register Brevium [Register of Original Writs] In Latin and French, illuminated manuscript on parchment
[England, London, c.1470] |
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This Register brevium is a deluxe, illuminated example of a manual of procedure law. Originating in the twelfth century, these writs protect every private right and interest, and later copies, like this one, offer a complete guide to medieval common law. The present example, including blank folios for the insertion of later writs as is typical, belongs with a clearly recognizable group of manuscripts associated with the Inns of Court.
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JOHANNES CASSIANUS, De institutis coenobiorum et de octo principalium vitiorum remedies [The Institutes of the Cenobia and the Remedies for the Eight Principal Vices] In Latin, manuscript on paper
Northern Italy, perhaps Piedmont, c. 1470-1480 |
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Copy realized for monastic use of a text absolutely central to the practical and spiritual tenets of monastic culture and one that sheds light on the Eastern origins of Western monasticism. Cassian’s Institutes provided the major source for the Rule of Saint Benedict; this and other extant manuscripts testify to the ongoing monastic practice of copying texts that relate directly to confinement and its requirements well into the fifteenth century. Although extant in a large number of manuscripts, published many times in the incunable era, and edited based on the early manuscript tradition, the text was surprisingly known by DeRicci in only one copy in North America.
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MARTINUS POLONUS [MARTIN OF TROPPAU or OPPAVIENSIS], Chronicon Pontificum et Imperatorum [Italian translation: Cronica degli pontifici e degli imperatori In Italian, decorated manuscript on paper
Italy, Veneto [Vicenza], dated 1472 |
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Dated copy of Martin of Troppau’s tremendously popular Chronicon Pontificum et Imperatorum in an Italian translation written by an unrecorded scribe, Dom Lodovigo da Cha da Fan, who was perhaps also its translator. There is no modern critical edition, and the relationship between the vernacular and the Latin copies remains to be fully studied (among the hundreds of extant Latin manuscripts only 5 copies are recorded in North American collections).
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MICHAEL PACIS, Epistola responsiva [Letter on the Turkish Threat to Christendom] In Latin, manuscript on paper
Northern Italy (Veneto?), letter dated Padua 1 May 1472 |
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Unpublished and unrecorded bellicose letter against the threat posed by the Ottoman Empire to the Italian peninsula, composed by a monk from Trieste and addressed to a jurist-rector at Padua. Belonging to a genre of letters for and against war with the Turks, this letter deserves further study within its greater historical and cultural context not only on the renewed Crusade but also for European attitudes toward the Turks (Muslims) in the centuries following Marco Polo.
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Computistical Calendar; Prologue to PTOLEMY, Almagest (Latin translation of Gerard of Cremona) In Latin, manuscript on paper
Italy, Tuscany?, c. 1475-1500 |
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An accomplished humanist scribe copied this small scientific manuscript that includes a calendar with information for calculating Easter and a complete record of the time of sunrise and the length of the day, together with the prologue to the classic work of astronomy, Ptolemy’s Almagest, in the Latin translation by Gerard of Cremona. The contents point to its ownership by a Renaissance scholar with an interest in practical astronomy.
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[Augustinian Canons Regular]. Constitutio in ordine canonicorum regularium ordinis sancti Augustini [Pontifical Constitution for Augustinian Canons Regular promulgated by Benedict XII in 1339] In Latin, decorated manuscript on parchment
Northern France, likely Noyon, second half of 15th c., perhaps c. 1475 |
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This manuscript survives as a copy of a surprisingly rare text (four recorded manuscripts), elegantly written by a named French notary public. Its text regulated the daily lives and yearly routine of one of the most important medieval religious orders, detailing the profession of new canons, their singing of the Divine Office in choir, clothing, education within the community, studies at the universities, expenses and other details in the clerical life, and the general discipline in the cloister.
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THOMAS AQUINAS, Compendium theologiae; HUGH OF ST. VICTOR, Adnotationes in psalmos; WERNER ROLEWINCK, Regimen rusticorum In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper and parchment, and printed text
Germany (Cologne?), c. 1475-1500 |
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A very handsome fifteenth-century volume, most likely from Cologne, in a striking original panel-stamped binding. The volume includes Thomas Aquinas’ Compendium theologiae, a text which survives in numerous copies in institutional libraries, but which only rarely has been available for sale; the Schoenberg database lists only four other copies, all sold before 1912. The manuscript also includes a popular commentary on the Psalms by Hugh of St. Victor, and a contemporary printed text by Werner Rolewinck.
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Processional (Use of the Cistercians) In Latin, decorated manuscript on parchment with later paper additions
Germany, Lower Rhineland (?), c. 1475-1500 [after 1476] |
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Typical Cistercian Processional from the area of the Lower Rhine, small in size, attractively illuminated with opening gold initials, and with neatly transcribed hofnagel notation, the latter regional and not Cistercian in origin. Internally conflicting evidence--text addressed to monks and an ownership inscription by a nun--suggests a possible provenance within a double or a multiple monastery. Further research on the choice of antiphons and comparison with other Germanic and Netherlandish Cistercian Processionals could yield a more precise localization to a specific abbey. Some vernacular notes in German and Dutch add to its interest.
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Commentary on PETER LOMBARD’S First Book of the Sentences, related to PAULUS VENETUS, Super primum sententiarum Johannis de Ripa Lecturae Abbreviatio In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper and parchment
Northern Italy, 1479 (?) |
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This is an important manuscript, one that opens up complex textual issues warranting further study. The manuscript presents an abbreviated version of the lengthy commentary on the Sentences of Peter the Lombard by the fourteenth-century Franciscan theologian, Johannes de Ripa. In fact, our text corresponds most closely with the version of Ripa by Paul of Venice, written shortly before 1402 at Padua and known in a single manuscript, which was the basis of the modern edition.
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ABRAHAM IBN EZRA, Sefer ha-Mispar [Book of Numbers] and Hokhmat ha-Mispar [Science of Numbers] In Hebrew, manuscript on Paper
[Balkans or Turkey, mid to late fifteenth century] |
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Compendium of two important Hebrew works on arithmetic, both attributed to a major Jewish scholar of the twelfth century instrumental in bringing Arabic ideas to the West through Spain. The first treatise introduces the decimal system to western Europe. It is extant in 11 manuscripts, last edited in the nineteenth century without its final chapter. The second treatise is entirely unpublished and exists only in a single other, incomplete, copy.
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[Devotional Miscellany] including [PSEUDO-BONAVENTURA], Instructio sacerdotis ad se preparandum ad celebrandum missam; Prayers for the celebration of the Mass including JOHANNES FISCANNENSIS, Oratio dicta s. Ambrosii; HENRICUS SUSO, Centum meditationes etc. In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
Germany, Moselle? Westphalia?, c. 1480-1490 |
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Thematically organized around Eucharistic Devotion and the Celebration of Mass, this miscellany compiled for the use of priests was perhaps copied in reaction to the reform movement known as the Devotion Moderna. Appealing to different needs and sensibilities among the community of priests, the manuscript survives intact in its contemporary unrestored Louvain-style binding with original pastedowns.
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CARAFA, Diomede (1406?-1487), De boni principis officiis [De regentis et boni principis officiis], translation from the Italian by Battista Guarini In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Italy, Ferrara (or perhaps Naples?), after 1473, c. 1480-1500 |
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Handsomely illuminated and elegantly written, this previously unknown humanist manuscript contains a copy of a text on governing by the Neapolitan Diomede Carafa in its second Latin translation signed by the humanist scholar Battista Guarini. Four other recorded manuscripts are in public institutions in Italy. This copy was most likely made in Ferrara where the dedicatee and commissioner of the translation, Eleonora de Aragon, held court and helped govern the Duchy--hence her interest in political treatises on the art of governing.
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Terrier [Land-Holdings] of the Town of Karben (Hesse, Germany) In German, manuscript on parchment
Germany, Karben, 1483 |
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This is an excellent example of a “terrier” or land record for the town of Karben, which was an important center near the Rhine in medieval Germany. The important Order of the Teutonic Knights, cited frequently in the manuscript, were based in Kloppenheim (modern-day Karben). In addition to facilitating the study of diplomatics, paleography, and seigniorial administration, the document is rich in local history, full of references to the geography and toponymy of the area and to the citizens living there.
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JACOBUS DE CESSOLIS, Le jeu des eschaz moralizé [French translation from the Latin by Jean Ferron of the Liber super ludo scaccorum] In French, decorated manuscript on paper
Northern France or Belgium, Hainaut? Namur?, c. 1485-1500 |
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This is one of only 10 manuscripts of a group A’ of the Jean Ferron translation into French of the Latin Cessolis. Although there are around 80 copies total of the various French versions (divided into 3 groups), manuscripts are nevertheless surprisingly rare on the market, the Schoenberg database recording only two in the last three decades and no other copies from this group. The initial alluding to the dedicatee of the Ferron text, Bertrand Aubert de Tarascon, appears to be unique in the illustrated tradition.
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ANONYMOUS, Würzburger Wundarznei [Medical Miscellany] In German, manuscript on paper
Germany, East Franconia (Würzburg?), c. 1488-1500, with later additions up to around 1525 |
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In its original Würzburg binding this manuscript belongs to the literary genre of the medical manual that developed around 1400 in the German-speaking regions and represents a typical means for the transfer of surgical knowledge. Much influenced by works of the famous surgeon Peter von Ulm, the Würzburger Wundarznei is the only representative of this genre extant from eastern Franconia.
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Calendar for 1490 with computational tables [and] Treatise on arithmetic In Latin and Dutch, decorated manuscript on parchment
[Northern Netherlands, 1490] |
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This well-preserved manuscript contains three brief treatises on the calculation of the rising of the sun and the rules for multiplication and division, accompanied by a complex series of calendar tables. Possibly made for student use and written partly in the vernacular, the manuscript provides an important example of the importance of calculating time through astronomical analysis and basic mathematics in order to chart the course of the calendar year and the hours of the day.
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BARTOLOMEUS BOLOGNINUS, Commentary on the Imperial Constitution “Authentica Habita” (1154-1155) [Repetita commentatio super Autentica Constitutione Habita] In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
Italy, Bologna, dated 12 January 1492 |
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This the only known manuscript of a legal commentary on the Imperial Constitution promulgated in 1155 by Frederick Barbarossa in a dedication copy to Giovanni II Bentivoglio dated 1492. Considered a landmark for the development of medieval universities, the Constitution ensured juridical privileges, rights, and protection to students and masters of Bologna. Unedited and written in the hand of a little-studied author Bartolomeo Bolognini, the commentary merits fuller study in the light of the debates that animated the school of law in fifteenth-century Bologna.
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[Commonplace Book of Romain Lenon] In Latin, manuscript on paper
Castres, France; 1499 or later [early 16th century] |
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A fascinating “ledger-format” pocket-sized Commonplace Book, signed numerous times by the scribe and owner Romain Lenon of Péronne, a monk of the Celestine monastery of St. Peter’s, Castres, whose two main texts are surprising bedfellows (one legal, the Decretals, the other theological, Gregory’s commentary on Ezekiel), and whose numerous additional texts reveal Romain’s interest in recent French history, romance, and elephants, among other subjects.
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Office Lectionary In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Southern Netherlands, Ghent or Bruges? c. 1500 |
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Deluxe professionally-made copy of a relatively uncommon monastic text, an Office Lectionary, of ample format with wide margins, expertly written in a beautiful calligraphic hand with much pen flourishing, and skillfully decorated with fine Ghent-Bruges initials in colors and liquid gold, most likely for an unknown patron in a monastery in the southern Netherlands of Augustinian obedience.
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Carthusian Rules and Sermons for Visitation In Latin and Italian, decorated manuscript on parchment
Northern Italy (Venice?), ca. 1500-1525, with later additions c. 1534 |
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This intact manuscript its original binding includes the Carthusian Rules for the Visitation of Monasteries, together with sermons for Visitations. The formality of this copy of the Statutes reflects how fundamental the system of Visitations was to the success of the Carthusian Order. Historians of the Order will be particularly interested in the apparently unedited and uncommon Visitation sermons as well as by the record of a Visitation of the Charterhouse of St. John the Evangelist at Calci near Pisa in 1534. Such manuscripts survive as customized records of a particular moment in a foundation’s history.
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Prayer Book In Middle Dutch and Latin, illuminated manuscript on paper
Belgium, Brabant, c. 1500-1550 |
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This Netherlandish Prayer Book presents several unusual features: it includes an uncommon cycle of prayers to Christ, distributed over an entire year, with many unusual and unedited texts; and it incorporates an image pasted to its inside cover that depicts the measured side wound of Christ surrounded by the hand and foot wounds. There are fewer than ten manuscripts from the Low Countries that contain such an image. An Augustinian nun or canoness in the Flemish province of Brabant probably owned and used the manuscript.
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Statutes and Membership Lists of the Kalands Brethren (the Kalendenbroederschap) of Groningen In Dutch, manuscript on parchment
The Netherlands, Groningen, 1501-1506, with additions to 1590 |
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This manuscript is an exceptional record of the religious and civic life of a prosperous Dutch town during a century of tumultuous political and religious change. It includes the rules of the confraternity, a record of their property, and notes on the food served at their annual feasts, as well as the names of both the living and the dead brethren. Memorial lists of this type for confraternities are uncommon. Although an earlier manuscript of the Brotherhood has been published, this later book includes unpublished material not found in the earlier book.
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Franciscan Papal Documents In Latin, manuscript on parchment
Italy, Rome, dated 1504 |
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This collection of papal documents relating to the Franciscans, from 1283 to 1504, is an attractive manuscript, signed, and preserved in its original binding. The details of its origin and medieval provenance are well documented, and it boasts a distinguished modern provenance, owned by Sir Thomas Phillipps. The protracted struggle between the Observant and Conventual Franciscans resulted in frequent rulings by the Popes; the contemporary notes in the manuscript make this manuscript an interesting window into one aspect of Franciscan history.
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Ludovico Brunori, Life of Jerome of Ancona (Beati Jeronimi de Ancona laudum opusculum) In Latin, illuminated manuscript on parchment
Italy (Ancona), dated 25 May 1506 |
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This is the unique copy of the life of the hermit, Jerome of Ancona, by a Dominican monk, Ludovico Brunori. The manuscript also includes a list of notable citizens of Ancona at the beginning of the sixteenth century. The text was edited in 1963 by Dom Jean Leclercq and is an important witness to the hermitical movement in Renaissance Italy, as well as being a valuable source for the history of Ancona.
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[Notarial Records of Pietro Gori Michelangelo] In Latin, manuscript on parchment
[Italy, Siena, 1510-1521] |
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This manuscript contains a rich collection of the land-holdings, sales, and dowry records of the Sienese citizen Pietro Gori Michelangelo and his family. Composed by five different notaries, the documents provide extensive details on the history of the family’s holdings and how these holdings fared through sales and transfers during the early sixteenth century. Family history, legal history, women’s history, and notarial practices all merit further study through these entirely unpublished documents.
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[Passio Christi], Miscellaneous Texts and Prayers In German, manuscript on paper
[Germany, Lower Rhine (Cologne ?) c. 1510-1520] |
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Rare manuscript, perhaps produced in the milieu of the Devotio Moderna on the border between The Netherlands and Germany, containing a pair of Passion texts in low German. Unedited, the texts are evidently recorded in only one other, later manuscript, and the signed binding in excellent condition is by the Master IB (IvB), the earliest of four (?) skilled bookbinders with these initials working in the first half of the sixteenth century in Germany.
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Devotional Miscellany on the Passio Christi, including HENRICUS SUSO, Centum meditationes; JEAN GERSON, Officium sacrum in festivitate conjugio sancti Joseph et virginis Marie, etc. In Latin and French, manuscript on paper
[France, Champagne-Ardenne, likely Reims or Châlons-sur-Marne, c. 1500-1510, before 1515] |
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In an original early sixteenth-century binding in excellent condition, signed and dated by an unrecorded scribe, this manuscript includes, in addition to the popular meditations by Suso, a rare mass for Saint Jouvin, especially venerated in Reims and Châlons-sur-Marne, and a mass by Gerson on the Espousal of Joseph and Mary, attesting to the growing importance of the cult of Joseph and also pointing to a localizable provenance in the Champagne.
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RICHERIUS SENONIENSIS [RICHER DE SENONES], Gesta Senoniensis Ecclesiae [Chronicle of the Abbey of Senones (Vosges)]; JEAN HERQUEL or HERCULANUS, Anthonii illustrissimi Lotharingie ducis vita [History of Antoine le Bon, Duke of Lorraine] In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
France, Lorraine [Vosges, Abbey of Moyenmoutier], dated 1539-1545 and 1599 |
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Sixteenth-century copy of two rare Chronicles of local importance to the Benedictine Abbeys of Senones and Moyenmoutier in the Vosges, copied by a recorded scribe, and owned by a sequence of prominent canons of Saint-Dié. These abbeys were renowned for their important intellectual and scholarly activities, where the practice of copying and commentating local chronicles was maintained throughout the sixteenth and into the seventeenth centuries as a means of affirming and defending their identity.
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ABRAHAM IBN EZRA, et al, attributed to, [Miscellany on Geomancy] In Hebrew, illustrated manuscript on paper
Italy (northern?), c. 1550-75 |
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This is a small, neatly written manuscript on divination, or geomancy, including three texts often attributed to the great poet, philosopher, and astronomer, Abraham Ibn Ezra. Although treatises on divination in Hebrew are not rare (300 to 350 manuscripts are extant), none of the works in the present manuscript are published, and they appear to relate to the early manuscript tradition that predates the occasional printed editions and are also preserved in three manuscripts all in institutions.
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AUTPERTUS PRESBITER (?),Vita seu Passio sancte Fortunatae; [ANONYMOUS], Vita seu Legenda beati Gaudiosi; Office for the Feast of Saint Gaudiosus In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper
Italy, Campania, most likely Naples, c. 1565-1570 |
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These two saints lives of Fortunata and Gaudiosus, accompanied by a liturgical office, help situate the manuscript in a restricted Neapolitan milieu, specifically in a convent dedicated to Saint Gaudiosus. A decidedly small group of manuscripts and an exceedingly rare imprint associate the same texts with each other and testify to a popular devotion focused on these two local saints. A critical edition of the text and a comparison of the surviving manuscripts with the sixteenth-century imprint have yet to be undertaken.
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Hamburgisches Stadtrecht von 1497 [Hamburg Code of Municipal Law]; Langer Rezess [Long Ordinance] (1529); Hermann Röver, List of Councilors from the year 1190 to 1670 In German (Middle Low-German) and Latin, illuminated manuscript on paper
Northern Germany, Lower Saxony, 1570-1573 with additions until 1670 |
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Although some 50 manuscripts are extant of the Hamburg Code of Municipal Law, this deluxe copy is distinguished from most of the other, more ordinary, working copies by its illumination and contemporary binding. It shares similarities with the original illuminated manuscript of the Code, dated 1497, from which it nevertheless deviates by the inclusion of later texts, critical to the later governing of the city. Perhaps the manuscript documents the local conflict between the citizens and the governing body that was resolved shortly before the date of the present manuscript.
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Monastic Ritual or Ceremonial; liturgy for the Clothing and the Profession of Nuns In Latin and Spanish, decorated manuscript on parchment
Spain (Castile?), c. 1575-1625 |
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This is a fine example of a late sixteenth-century or early seventeenth-century liturgical manuscript from Spain from a monastery of Augustinian Nuns dedicated to Our Lady of the Incarnation. The text is a carefully written copy of the Clothing and Profession Rituals for Nuns entering the monastery, both liturgical occasions of considerable beauty and pathos. Liturgical manuscripts of this type are uncommon.
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[Monastic Ritual or Ceremonial] [Ordo ad novicias benedicendas (Ordo professionis religiosae)] [Ordo for the reception and clothing of novices] (Use of the Dominicans) In Latin with Italian rubrics, manuscript on parchment
Northern Italy [Padua?], c. 1500-1525, with additions dated 1577 |
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A rare document preserving the consecration rituals (Benediction rites of vestments and veils) for novices admitted into a Dominican nunnery before their actual profession and consecration after a period of probation. Once part of a larger manuscript (most likely a Monastic Ritual or Ceremonial), this fragment was revised (corrected and amended) in 1577 by both a Dominican Brother and Sister, according to an added colophon. Particularly noteworthy are the extensive rubrics in the vernacular.
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Rules and Homilies accompanying the ceremony for the entrance of postulants at a Dominican Convent In German, manuscript on paper
Southwestern Germany, likely Baden-Württenberg, 1583-1587 |
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Written down and signed by a female scribe, the nun Anna, and intact in an early, likely contemporary binding, this manuscript contains a remarkable series of homilies delivered by the Prioress of a German Dominican Convent between 1583 and 1587, when the Convent accepted new postulants. Almost certainly unpublished, these texts offer a fascinating glimpse into the life of the convent. They reveal the Prioress as a very well educated woman, well equipped to lead the convent spiritually.
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ANONYMOUS, Sefer Evronot (Book of Intercalations) In Hebrew, illustrated manuscript on paper
[Eastern Europe, Moravia, Silesia, or Galicia, 1593-1604] |
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Richly illustrated manuscript of the Sefer Evronot (Book of Intercalations) used to intercalate the Jewish lunisolar calendar and to reconcile it with the Christian calendar for religious and mercantile purposes. Every Evronot manuscript, intended for local use by community leaders, merchants, and travelers, is unique. One of only about six illustrated copies dating before 1600, this copy is important also because it was made for use in Eastern Europe, whereas the majority are from Southern Germany.
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ANONYMOUS, [Medical Miscellany] In Yiddish and Hebrew, manuscript on paper
Poland, Wengrow, dated 1596 |
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One of only 15 Yiddish medical manuscripts dating before the seventeenth century and one of the few surviving medieval manuscripts from Poland, the only one from Wengrow. The core of this manuscript contains a collection of medical cures arranged in the order of the ailment or the organ affected, probably written by a physician. The sheer wealth of material in this manuscript and the relative scarcity of other sources, especially in Eastern Europe, should make this manuscript a valuable source for further research.
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SCHENCKENBERG, MATTAEUS [compiler]. Hübscher Lustiger newer Deutscher und Lateinischer Stücklein... In Latin and German, manuscript on paper with music
Germany, Saxony [Dresden?], 1599 |
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Interesting compilation of Protestant and secular hymns and motets by some of the most renowned German and Flemish composers of the late sixteenth century, including Jakob Regnart, Philippe de Monte, Antonio Scandellus (Kapellmeister in Dresden from 1568 until his death in 1580), and Orlando de Lassus. Many are unpublished, most are rare in manuscript form.
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[MARTIN DU BELLAY (1570-1637)], Aveu à Louis XIII pour la châtellenie d’Avrillé [Declaration of feudal holdings made to Louis XIII, king of France for the land of Avrillé] In French, illuminated manuscript on parchment
France, Touraine [Château de Gizeux], 25-27 October 1610 |
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Unpublished and unedited, the present manuscript of local and family history is an example of a “deluxe” copy of a common type of archival document, an “aveu,” a statement made by a vassal (or feudatory) to his lord of feudal holdings. Illuminated copies such as this one are rare, because the transcription normally served a simple and practical purpose, but here the feudatory chose the lavish format no doubt because of the very special nature of his lord, none other than the king of France.
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MARTINUS BOSCHMAN, Paradisus precum … In Latin, illustrated manuscript on paper, with 221 engravings
Poland, Pelplin, 1610 |
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Illustrated by 220 engravings, this ex-Rothschild manuscript forms a remarkable collection of engravings by artists specializing in engravings of religious subjects in the early seventeenth century. The majority of the engravings (115) are by the Wierix brothers, who were among the most productive engravers in Antwerp c. 1600, and about 10% of the prints are unrecorded. The engravings are an integral part of the text, which is a carefully thought-out collection of prayers and spiritual exercises, designed to enrich the interior spiritual life of a devout monk.
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[ANONYMOUS]. [JESUITS]. Exercitium passionis domini nostri Iesu Christi pro tempore quadragesimae et maxime hebdomadae sanctae [Spiritual Exercise on the Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ during Lent and the Holy Week] In Latin, decorated manuscript on paper and parchment
Italy, Tuscany, Lucca (?), c. 1619-1630, most likely around 1622 |
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With fine calligraphy and expert decoration, this manuscript was apparently made for Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II and his second spouse Eleonora Gonzaga of Mantua, perhaps commissioned for them by the Cardinal Francesco Boncompagni, a famous collector and patron of arts (whose binding is preserved). Both Emperor and Cardinal had strong Jesuit ties, and the manuscript - in line with the spirituality of Ignatius of Loyola - in unpublished.
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MULIGIN, IGNATIO FRANCESCO, Il Trionfo d’applausi, e di glorie figurato di purissime lettere di sua altezza reale Maria Anna Christina Vittoria di Baviera Delfina di Francia, nel quale si contengono li seguenti versi, da leggersi nella figura con il microscopion In Italian, manuscript on paper, accompanied by a microscopic drawing (by Pierre Mignard?)
[France, c. 1683-84] |
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Unpublished autograph of an unedited microscopic poem in the form of a drawing (by Pierre Mignard?) and accompanied by a book-length transcription, written by a previously unidentified figure in the papal circle for the Dauphine of France as a diplomatic act intended to influence the King. This extremely rare work (very few such microscopic compositions are extant) preserved in its original binding witnesses the early scientific impact of the microscope on visual and textual transmissions, in this case exploited in the service of state politics at the highest level and presenting a unique program of royal iconography hitherto unanalyzed.
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Vaticinium Severi et Leonis Imperatorum [Oracles of Leo the Wise] In Latin and Spanish (title page only), illustrated manuscript on paper
[Spain or Italy, dated 1701] |
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Although a copy of a printed book, the present manuscript contains a series of 16 finely executed drawings and testifies besides to the persistent interest in the sibylline prophecies concerning Byzantium, reinterpreted here in the context of the fall of the Ottoman Empire to show that the reign of Muslim domination has effectively passed.
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